I've seen people use the word "ladder" to refer to team queues. In fact, I've even seen people refer to the "global ladder."
I guess it makes sense. The metaphor of a ladder is that it's something you can climb up. You can try to "climb the ladder" by growing your rating in any of the categories.
People like me who joined FAF when there were only 2 ratings are more likely to use the word "ladder" to mean only the 1v1 matchmaker. "Ladder" will always mean that to me and nothing else. 2v2 is something but it's not a "ladder." But I can understand why other people use the word differently and how that can lead to confusion . . .